FORMATION OF THE HUNGARIAN REFORMED CHURCH AND ITS ACTIVITIES DURING THEREIGN OF M. HORTHY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/2307-7778/2024.1.10Keywords:
Hungary, state, Reformed Church, policy, contradictions between confessions, church, Catholicism, Protestantism, antisemitismAbstract
The purpose of the study Objective is to analyze the formation of the Hungarian Reformed Church and its activities during the regency of M. Horthy. The Research Methodology consists of both general scientific and special methods, a combination of the principles of logical, historical, and comparative approaches. It based on systematic, historical, analytical, hermeneutic methods. The scientific novelty consists in the development of a comprehensive approach to the study of the main stages of the formation and spread of the Reformation in Hungary at the turn of the XVI-XVII centuries, relations between the Protestant churches, in particular the Hungarian Reformed Church and the Catholic Church, on the one hand, and the Hungarian state and society – on the another. For the first time, the author introduces archival documents into scientific circulation and characterizes the works of Hungarian historians. Conclusions The author of the publication establishes that after the implementation of the Trianon Peace Treaty, the Hungarian Reformed Church, having significantly lost spheres of influence, both in the territorial aspect and, accordingly, in the number of dioceses, church communities, church ministers, schools, teachers, students, etc., actively sought opportunities for the restoration and deployment of socially useful activities in the new post-war conditions, building its theological foundations mainly on the basis of Calvinism. The study of the formation of the Hungarian Reformed Church and its activities during the regency of M. Horthy makes it possible to find out that despite the adoption of Article XX of the 1848 law on equality and reciprocity between established religious denominations, the Catholic Church retained an exceptional position in relation to the Reformation. It inevitably gave rise to conflicts between the two historical churches, however, despite the inter-confessional disputes during the regency of M. Horthy, the leaders of both Catholic and Protestant, in particular, Reformed churches emphasized the readiness to create and support inter-confessional, religious peace.
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