RELATIONS BETWEEN FARMERS AND COLLECTIVE FARM MANAGERIAL STAFF IN EVERYDAY LIFE IN THE MIDDLE OF 40–60 YEARS OF THE 20TH CENTURY (IN ACCORDANCE WITH DATA OF CHERNIHIV REGION)

Abstract

The article is based on the materials of the Chernihiv region of Ukraine and is dedicated to exploration of the relationship between peasantry and leaders of collective farms in daily life in the middle 40’s – early 60’s of XX century. There are highlighted key aspects that influenced on the formation of relationships between collective farmers and the boards of the collective farms both in the household and the production sphere. The article reveals the features of the relationship between management and collective farmers in solving of various personal problems during both the everyday life and the production activities. This problem is disclosed through the study of such aspects as: attitude to work, wages, use of so called «collective benefits», relationships in groups and collectives, embezzlement of collective property, informal and personal relationships, expression and types of protests against the collective farm system.During the study, the author comes to the conclusion that in the conditions of the dictatorship of the party-bureaucratic apparatus and the difficult economic situation that took place in the early postwar years, in most cases, the management of the collective farms tried to build such relationships with members of their own farms, which would contribute effective implementation of economic plans and ensuring the basic material needs of subordinates. At the same time took place the formation of personal relationships between ordinary collective farmers and leaders which had influenced on the production life of the collective farms and life of members of the collectives.