LITERARY AND ARTISTICAL PERIODICALS OF TERNPIL REGION AT THE END OF THE 19TH — THE FIRST THIRD OF THE 20TH CENTURY

Abstract

The article outlines a holistic picture of the formation and functioning of Ternopil's literary and artistical periodicals of the end of the 19th – the first third of the 20th century; their content and thematic orientation are clarified. It is noted that the first Ukrainian-language periodical of the region – the handwritten newspaper of the members of the student association «Hromada» «Snip» (1876) already had features of a literary periodical. It is emphasized that all handwritten literary and artistical periodicals («Postup», (Berezhany); «Ideia», «Pershyi promin», «Pratsia» (Ternopil); «Pershi kroky», «Iunatstvo», «Khvylia», «Prolisky» (Kremenets)) were published by students of gymnasiums. The first four date from the period of Austro-Hungarian rule, the Kremenets edition – from the 20s of the interwar period. All of them contained artistical works (poetic and prose) - primarily by students of gymnasiums themselves, as well as Ukrainian writers and poets - as well as articles of a national-patriotic and literary nature. These editions are characterized by a small volume, a limited readership and a short period of existence – it was usually possible to publish only a few issues. Separate editions ( «Ideia», «Pershyi promin», «Iunatstvo») were reproduced on the hectograph. The printed literary and artistic periodicals of the region («Molodizh», «Char-zillia», «Literaturno-naukovyi vistnyk», «Siaivo» (Ternopil), «Vira» (Kremenets)) are noted for their wide authorship and high level of published works.Two of the five editions («Char-zillia», and «Literaturno-naukovyi vistnyk») were not actually from Ternopil, but their editors were relocated from Lviv due to the moderate price for printing services. Literary and artistical publications of the Ternopil region at the end of the 19th - the first third of the 20th century were called to life by the ever-increasing need for the Ukrainian word as a real factor in the nation's social progress, unionship of Ukrainians, increase in the level of their national consciousness. They were published on the private initiative of their founders - established or future outstanding figures, public and cultural individuals of Ukraine or the region.