NEW ASPECTS OF THE PERCEPTION OF A. S. PUSHKIN'S POEM "POLTAVA"

Abstract

The article interprets A. S. Pushkin’s poem “Poltava” from a new point of view and suggests a broader interpretation of the name than is traditionally accepted: not as a reflection of the events of the victorious battle of Poltava, but as memories of Poltava (Poltava region), with which Pushkin and the addressee of his poem had special memories. A number of references, discovered by the author of the article, allows us to trace the two-dimensional narrative of Pushkin, building a clear parallel between the events of 1709 and the events of 1825 on the Senate square in Saint-Petersburg. The pyramidal structure of Pushkin’s poem, which falls into three compositional layers, gradually examines the history of human passions (heroes-passions) and shows how love- passion is transformed into passion-hatred, passion-revenge and is resolved by the highest (according to Pushkin) manifestation of passion – passion of love to the Motherland. The main idea of the article is: relations of heroes “Maria – Mazepa” (the first song), “Kochubey – Mazepa” (the second song), “Mazepa – Peter I” (the third song) demonstrate, that in the center of the Pushkin poem teetered not image of the events Northern war and battles Peter the Great with Swedes, but reflection over human passions, over place individual rights in huge world.