STRUCTURAL AND SEMANTIC VALENCY OF ADJECTIVE DERIVATIVES WITH THE PREFIXES BE-, ER- AND VER-
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/2307-1222.2026-61-4Keywords:
derivative word, distribution, formative stem, prefix, semantics, valenceAbstract
The article analyzes the internal valence of derived verbs with derivational adjectival bases formed using the inseparable prefixes be-, er-, and ver-. Internal valence of derived verbs implies the structural and semantic connectivity as well as the compatibility of immediate components of the derived verb, as a result of which the criteria for selecting the verbal prefix of derivational base for the formation of a complex word are traced. The word-formation structure of the derived word is analyzed, and the semantic structure of the primary and secondary lexical units is compared based by semes. It is investigated that the semantics of the derived verb relies on the semantics of the derivational base; however, under the influence of the prefix, the meaning of the derivational base can change so significantly that the semantic connection between the primary and secondary word is partially weakened or completely broken. An important aspect in determining such a difference is establishing the motivation of features of the derived word. The derivational base and the derived word are in a relationship of word-formation dependency, which determines the structural-semantic nature of motivation and its direction. Based on the study of the internal valence of derived verbs, patterns of combinability of inseparable prefixes with derivational bases are revealed. It is traced that the internal valence of verbal prefixes with respect to the adjectival base is determined by the semantic compatibility of semantic structures of prefixes and derivational bases, which contribute certain features to the derived verbs, thus forming new lexical units with new semantics. Structural models of derived verbs with prefixes are presented, their semantic content is systematized, and the features of structural and semantic combinatorics of derivational adjectival bases with the inseparable verbal prefixes be-, er-, and ver- are identified.
References
Гонтар Т.Ф. До проблеми валентності мовних одиниць. Мовознавство. 1995. № 23. С. 17–21.
Клименко Н.Ф. Система афіксального словотворення сучасної української мови. Київ : Наукова думка, 1973. 168 с.
Кочерган М.П. Слово і контекст: лексична сполучуваність і значення слова. Львів : Вища школа, 1980. 184 с.
Brinkmann H. Die deutsche Sprache. Gestalt und Leistung Düsseldorf : Verlag Schwann, 1962. 2. Aufl. 334 s.
Erben J. Einführung in die deutsche Wortbildungslehre. Berlin : Erich Schmidt Verlag, 1993. 3., neubearb. Aufl. 182 s.
Harris Z.S. Мethods in Structural Linguistics. Chicago : The University of Chicago Press, 1951. 384 p.
Helbig G., Schenkel W. Wörterbuch zur Valenz und Distribution deutscher Verben. Leipzig : VEB Bibliographisches Institut, 1980. 458 s.
Grebe P. Der semantisch-syntaktische Hof unserer Wörter. Wirkendes Wort. Düsseldorf : Schwann, 1966. S. 391–394.
Leisi E. Der Wortinhalt: seine Struktur im Deutschen und Englischen. Heidelberg : Quelle&Meyer, 1975. 5. Aufl. 141 s.
Oguj O.D. Lexikologie der deutschen Sprache. Winnyts’a : Nowa knyha, 2003. 403 s.
Porzig W. Wesenhafte Bedeutungsbeziehungen. Wortfeldforschung : zur Geschichte und Theorie des sprachlichen Feldes. Darmstadt : wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1973. S. 78–103.
Stepanowa M.D. Gerhard Helbig Wortarten und das Problem der Valenz in der deutschen Gegenwartssprache. Leipzig : VEB Bibliographisches Institut, 1978. 215 s.
