PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL POTENTIAL OF HUMOUR AS A MEANS OF TEACHING AND NURTURING PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS

Abstract

The relevance of the article is stipulated to the active search for qualitatively new ways to improve the efficiency of the educational process in primary school. One of them is humour as a special property of human nature. The use of elements of humour in the organization of the educational process in primary school, methods and techniques based on wit, has significant psychological and pedagogical potential and is a significant reserve for improving the effectiveness of learning, education and personality development of primary school. The application of forms of humour with pupils of primary school in work contributes to the development of personal qualities of pupils, the formation of their critical thinking, the ability to make decisions independently and creatively approach any business. The purpose of the article is to determine the psychological and pedagogical potential of humour as a means of teaching and nurturing pupils of primary school. Various approaches to the interpretation of the essence of the concept of “humour” are analyzed in the article; the complexity of the nature of humour is grounded, which is stipulated to synthetic combinations of communicative, emotional and intellectual spheres, personal traits of a child, socio-cultural conditions of its formation. The problem of application of elements of humour during the organization of educational process in establishments of general secondary education in the context of scientific developments of known scientists (Ya. A. Komensky, A. Makarenko, V. Sukhomlinsky, Sh. Amonashvili, O. Savchenko) is investigated. The psychological and pedagogical potential of humour as a means of teaching and nurturing pupils of primary school, which provides a set of all available tools, opportunities for humor that can be used in teaching and educational process in general, and identified a set of psychological and pedagogical conditions to increase its productivity: creating an atmosphere of cooperation and trust through the skillful use of humorous methods and techniques; adequacy of humor to the peculiarities of the development of the emotional sphere of junior pupils; organic use of humor in the content of educational material. The role of the influence of humor elements on the emotional sphere of junior pupils during the organization of the educational process in primary school is substantiated. The relationship of value emotional states (interest, joy, surprise) with the mental processes of the individual (memory, will, thinking) during the use of elements of humour in primary school lessons is analyzed. The forms of humour in the life of pupils of primary school, the peculiarities of their formation and development in accordance with the age category are reflected.