MEDICAL RHETORIC IN THE TRAINING SYSTEM OF FUTURE DOCTORS

Abstract

The article concerns the study of the use of the basics of medical rhetoric in higher education institutions. The relevance and novelty of the topic are due to the lack of publications devoted to studying the pedagogical patterns of using rhetoric in medical universities. A number of issues are also relevant for institutions of higher education with other professional focuses. For example, the prevention of iatrogenesis in pedagogy is just as important as in the healthcare system. This topic has been approved as a priority by the Department of Ukrainian Language at I.Ya. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University. The purpose of the article is to study the theoretical and practical principles of using the possibilities of medical rhetoric in the educational process of universities. For the first time, an original structure of medical rhetoric is being proposed. Among the main issues considered: periodization, regularities of formation and development; traditions of medical rhetoric in Ukrainian culture and in the philosophical systems of the ancient world; religious aspects; development of professional linguodidactics; comparative trends; communication culture of modern students; characteristics of errors in oral and written speech; artificial intelligence and medical rhetoric, etc. An analytical assessment of the achievements of foreign colleagues allows concluding the relevance of applying rhetorical achievements in the system of training specialists of various fields. As an example, one can mention the experience of Polish colleagues. They have long had the Polish Rhetorical Society, which has its own journal, regularly holds congresses devoted to current issues of rhetoric, competitions for the best diploma thesis, and monthly seminars. For example, the congress in 2024 was titled “Rhetoric – Education – Innovations”. It is worth noting that the congress was funded by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education. In the Ukrainian education system, there is somewhat a paradoxical situation: a fairly high level of theoretical generalizations and methodological recommendations coexists with slow implementation of rhetorical achievements in general secondary schools and higher education institutions. Medical universities are no exception. Although Ukrainian language with a professional focus is taught here, the emphasis is mostly on grammar, document studies, and topics typical for philological faculties. Preparation for anamnesis, understanding the threats of iatrogenesis, the use of advantages of Socratic dialogue, counteracting manipulations – these and other issues are promising areas awaiting their resolution. In the research process, general scientific and linguodidactic methods were used, with special attention paid to expert evaluations. The relevance of the study is conditioned by the need to modernize the professional training system of future doctors amid new historical challenges and the widespread use of modern information technologies.